This vignette is a brief introduction to the package including its installation and making some basic queries.
lehdr is an R package that allows users to draw Longitudinal and Employer Household Dynamics Origin-Destination Employment Statistics (LODES) datasets returned as dataframes. The LODES dataset forms the backbone of the US Census’s OnTheMap web app that allows users to track changing spatial employment patterns at a fine geographic scale. While OnTheMap is useful, it is a limited tool that does not easily allow comparisons over time or across geographies. This package exists to make querying the tables that form the OnTheMap easier for urban researchers and practitioners, such as transportation and economic development planners and disaster preparedness professionals.
To find the most up-to-date copy of lehdr one can use devtools. Otherwise you can install the packge through CRAN. Additionally, we’ll be using dplyr.
This first example pulls the Oregon (state = "or") 2020
(year = 2020) from LODES version 8
(version="LODES8", default), origin-destination
(lodes_type = "od"), all jobs including private primary,
secondary, and Federal (job_type = "JT01", default), all
jobs across ages, earnings, and industry (segment = "S000",
default), aggregated at the Census Tract level rather than the default
Census Block (agg_geo = "tract").
or_od <- grab_lodes(state = "or",
year = 2020,
version = "LODES8",
lodes_type = "od",
job_type = "JT01",
segment = "S000",
state_part = "main",
agg_geo = "tract")
head(or_od)The package can be used to retrieve multiple states and years at the
same time by creating a vector or list. This second example pulls the
Oregon AND Rhode Island (state = c("or", "ri")) for 2013
and 2014 (year = c(2013, 2014) or
year = 2013:2014).
or_ri_od <- grab_lodes(state = c("or", "ri"),
year = c(2013, 2014),
lodes_type = "od",
job_type = "JT01",
segment = "S000",
state_part = "main",
agg_geo = "tract")
head(or_ri_od)Not all years are available for each state. To see all options for
lodes_type, job_type, and segment
and the availability for each state/year, please see the most recent
LEHD Technical Document at https://lehd.ces.census.gov/data/lodes/LODES7/.
Other common uses might include retrieving Residential or Work Area
Characteristics (lodes_type = "rac" or
lodes_type = "wac" respectively), low income jobs
(segment = "SE01") or good producing jobs
(segment = "SI01"). Other common geographies might include
retrieving data at the Census Block level
(agg_geo = "block", not necessary as it is default) – but
see below for other aggregation levels.
The following examples loads work area characteristics (wac), then
uses the work area geoid w_geocode to create a variable
that is just the county w_county_fips. Similar
transformations can be made on residence area characteristics (rac) by
using the h_geocode variable. Both variables are available
in origin-destination (od) datasets and with od, one would need to set a
h_county_fips and on w_county_fips.
To aggregate at the county level, continuing the above example, we
must also drop the original lock geoid w_geocode, group by
our new variable w_county_fips and our existing variables
year and createdate, then aggregate the
remaining numeric variables.
md_rac_county <- md_rac %>% mutate(w_county_fips = str_sub(w_geocode, 1, 5)) %>%
select(-"w_geocode") %>%
group_by(w_county_fips, state, year, createdate) %>%
summarise_if(is.numeric, sum)
head(md_rac_county)Alternatively, this functionality is also built-in to the package and
advisable for origin-destination grabs. Here include an argument to
aggregate at the County level (agg_geo = "county"):
As mentioned above, aggregating origin-destination is built-in. This
takes care of aggregation on both the h_geocode and
w_geocode variables:
Similarly, built-in functions exist to group at Block Group, Tract,
County, and State levels. County was demonstrated above. All require
setting the agg_geo argument. This aggregation works for
all three LODES types and all LODES versions.
md_rac_bg <- grab_lodes(state = "md",
year = 2015,
lodes_type = "rac",
job_type = "JT01",
segment = "S000",
agg_geo = "bg")
head(md_rac_bg)
md_rac_tract <- grab_lodes(state = "md",
year = 2015,
lodes_type = "rac",
job_type = "JT01",
segment = "S000",
agg_geo = "tract")
head(md_rac_tract)
md_rac_state <- grab_lodes(state = "md",
year = 2015,
lodes_type = "rac",
job_type = "JT01",
segment = "S000",
agg_geo = "state")
head(md_rac_state)